What took place is described not exactly as natural phenomena but like it. Acts 10:46 For they heard them speak with tongues, and magnify God. But the revelation Paul gives us is enough to quash any misunderstanding provided we listen to what Paul has told us. Properly, to stare at, i.e. The apostles, filled with the Holy Spirit, and speaking various languages. And he that searcheth the hearts knoweth what is the mind of the Spirit, because he maketh intercession for the saints according to the will of God. True, the Spirit is "poured out," can be "received," and can "come upon" people, but people are not baptized INTO the Spirit; rather, they are baptized INTO THE NAME OF JESUS. iii. I would sit with my hand over my mouth (so no one would see how foolish I looked) and wait for the MIRACLE OF GOD to speak the heavenly language through this humble and willing vessel. saith the LORD; and like a hammer that breaketh the rock in pieces? Tongues is the answer! 1 Corinthians 14:4 is even more directly stated. When we first speak out in tongues to create what we need or want, those things belong to God. The forum does not deal with how the text applies today. 4) Keeping one's "utterance from [disrupting] the flow of the service" is a good idea, but not biblical. 1 Kings 19:1113). The reason is that they are from two different Greek words. Genesis 11:6 And the LORD said, Behold, the people is one, and they have all one language; and this they begin to do: and now nothing will be restrained from them, which they have imagined to do. I have the person be himself, while I act the part of the Holy Spirit. On that night, the Israelites were told to sacrifice a lamb and spread its blood over their doorpost. 1 Samuel 10:10 And when they came thither to the hill, behold, a company of prophets met him; and the Spirit of God came upon him, and he prophesied among them. Is praying in tongues to God in a private setting scripturally supported by 1 Corinthians 14:2? This is the second time in short order that heaven and earth intersect. @user2479 I updated my post to clarify what I meant. It could come only as a result of Gods previous work. Are the mysteries in the Spirit (that no-one understands) uttered in a language that can be interpreted via the gift of interpretation of tongues? Of uncertain affinity; other or different. 16:912), Pentecost came fifty days after Passover. The secret things belong unto the LORD our God: but those things which are revealed belong unto us and to our children for ever, that we may B) The second purpose for personal prayer and edification tongues is for edification. What is God teaching us about his faithfulness in the story of Hosea and Gomer? How do I submit an offer to buy an expired domain? Add in : . in Acts 2:1). The disciples were sanctified by the word of Jesus while he was with them (John 13:10; 15:3; 17:17), but they would not receive the Spirit as the power of the risen Christ until after the resurrection (as promised in John 1417). The early church recognized speaking in tongues as the evidence of the Holy Spirit baptism (Acts 2:16-18; 10:46; 19:6), and they did so with good reason. When was the term directory replaced by folder? A primary word; 'fire'. . When the apostles receive the Spirit here, this is not the moment they are saved or regenerated. :). This is not to say their experience is totally different or unconnected to the receiving of the Spirit seen after Peters sermon, only that this instance is a special equipping for a special group of people. (The Corinthians weren't even trying to minister to others!) Yet Scripture does not command that the man remain entirely silent; he is told only not to speak before the church a singular utterance in tongues. . I edited your post in hopes to avoid its being closed. That, my friend, was an excellent question. (In some cases, there is no phenomenon, such as was the case with Paul --then Saul-- who had received the outpouring of the Spirit of God through the laying of hands, but there was no result other than the shedding of scales from his eyes according to Acts 9:17-18). Once they have read this verse of scripture, I ask them to tell me who was doing the speaking. The word tongue occurs often in the Scriptures to denote the member which is the instrument of taste and speech, and also to denote language or speech itself. C) The third purpose is to speak creative mysteries to God as we pray in tongues (1 Corinthians 14:2). the purpose of proclaiming the gospel through publishing 3) The Spirit's "intercession for us with groanings which cannot be uttered" is not necessarily speaking in tongues. No DV's for you, as you have taken the initiative to 'look at' rather than 'look against'. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? It should be apparent that speaking in an unknown tongue only edifies the person who does the speaking, but it definitely does not edify the entire church body. Hebr. God. And they were all filled with the Holy Ghost, and began to speak with other tongues, as the Spirit gave them utterance. A third option is to understand the word tongues as being used in the NT both for human languages and for heavenly speech, with both manifestations being works of the Spirit. WebActs 2:1 to Acts 8:3 traces the development of this conflict in Jerusalem." Luke here uses the word apophthengomai (utterance; Acts 2:4), which recurs twice more in Acts in regard to speaking Gods word. Jeremiah 23:29 Is not my word like as a fire? book of Scripture), considering the occasion of the writing, and following the author's flow of thought. This becomes the foundation of the second dramatization. When they entered the land, they were to keep a feast, or festival, in which they were to bring their firstfruits (bread made from new grain) as an offering to God. 2And suddenly there came from heaven a sound like a mighty rushing wind, and it filled the entire house where they were sitting. Letter of recommendation contains wrong name of journal, how will this hurt my application? The gift of speaking in tongues is seen to operate in two distinct ways: personal and corporate. 3And divided tongues as of fire appeared to them and rested on each one of them. That is, the festival for the outpouring of rain (50 days from festival of First Fruits) was the analog to the outpouring out of Spirit of God (50 days from "Christ our First Fruits"). glssai ) is disputed. It is said, indeed, that devout Jews used to solemnise the vigil of Pentecost by a special thanksgiving to God for giving His Law to Israel; and this may well have been the occasion that brought the disciples together (Schttgen, Hor. Thus the prophet Ezekiel is led by the Spirit to a vision of dry bones that take on human form and are brought to life when the Spirit commands: Prophesy to the breath; prophesy, son of man, and say to the breath, Thus says the Lord God: Come from the four winds, O breath, and breathe on these slain, that they may live (Ezek. WebIt is a legitimate, established language. Others, however, understand the disciples to be speaking in different languages, those represented in the room that day. He also uses the term to mean fulfill or end, as in to reach an appointed conclusion. Both of these operations are made manifest through the natural vehicle of speech. unknown tongue edifieth himself; but he that prophesieth edifieth the Learn more about Bill's Greek resources at BillMounce.com. 1:64; 1 Jn. (2) The free use of the gift makes him who uses it almost as a barbarian or foreigner to those who listen to him. As a result, those in the room began to speak in other tongues as the Spirit gave them utterance (Acts 2:4; cf. What I'm waiting to see here in these answers is CONTEXT: in other words, what CONTEXT is Paul speaking about when he gives his dictum concerning tongues? The Holy Spirit puts the utterance in our spirits, not in our heads. This may seem a bit of an overstatement, but many people who have received the Holy Spirit baptism are not SPEAKING in tongues. All of these worksapostolic witness, signs and wonders, and regenerationare entirely the doing of the Spirit. Exodus 4:11,12 And the LORD said unto him, Who hath made man's mouth? @user2479 If you would like me to help you understand my answer better (or the text) I would be happy to make time to do that for you. God redeemed them, as promised. WebTongues - glossai. (Revelation 13). Acts 2:4,11 And they were all filled with the Holy Ghost, and began to speak with other tongues, as the Spirit gave them utterance. A forked tongue? Prophecy edifies both the speaker and the hearer. This is precisely how speaking in tongues works, with one variation. Please check errors and resubmit. The Spirit does work in unbelievers, but this is part of Gods work of salvation, having cleansed their hearts by faith (Acts 15:9). . The two Another form for kathezomai; to seat down, i.e. 1 Corinthians 14, In what sense is speaking in tongues a sign to unbelievers? (3) Those who speak with tongues do well, for the most part, to confine their utterance to the solitude of their own chamber, or to the presence of friends who can share their rapture When they make a more public display of it, it produces results that stand in singular contrast with each other. So the Churches of East and West have commemorated the day as on the eighth Sunday after Easter. The Spirit of God moves men in the way that the invisible wind exerts power (Jn 3:8); that is, the imagery is akin to how the wind propels the ship to move forward (meaning of verb in 2 Pet 1:21 referring to the Spirit of God). In other words, the display of tongues in Acts 2, though not normative for the church age, is a token that the gospel is intended to speak to all people in any tongue, at any place, and at any time. This is not related to the "gift of tongues" as recorded in Acts 2:1-13. prophesieth edifieth the church. The fire could also be an echo of Isaiah 6:47, where the prophets tongue is cleansed with a burning coal. Several translations speak of divided tongues (ESV, NRSV), but I have to say that the expression is meaningless. They are also, as a result, given authority to forgive sins on his behalf (John 20:23). How to automatically classify a sentence or text based on its context? The NLT equates and : what looked like flames or tongues of fire appeared and settled on each of them. Certainly the Greek doesnt say this; it is not or but as.. The Greek word that is translated tongues is glossa, which refers to the organ in your mouth or the use of that organ, a language. The Greek word for other is heteros, it means another of a different kind. We could translate this, "they spoke with different languages ." 1 Corinthians 14:22. no one understands, but in his spirit he speaks mysteries..4 One who speaks in a tongue edifies himself; but one who prophesies edifies the church. As if, as it were, like; with numbers: about. to discern clearly; by extension, to attend to; by Hebraism, to experience; passively, to appear. From kata and hos; just as, that. What Does It Mean that God Hated Esau? Tongues does not edify the church body, but it does serve as a sign to the unbeliever. The key to understanding the purpose of the CORPORATE operation of tongues is found in 1 Corinthians 14:12. When the seven are chosen to look after the widows among the Greek-speaking Jews, one of their criteria is that they are to be filled with the Spirit (Acts 6:3). the Spirit works in believers to empower them for service. The reason is that they are from two different Greek words. 5:18). dat. Because God's love was unmerited, it is unchanging. Being filled could be evidenced by the speaking of psalms, hymns, & spiritual songs to one another; making melody to the Lord with one's heart; always being thankful for all things; and submitting to one another in the fear of Christ. Here we see those who speak in tongues are built up or edified in the area of their faith by speaking in tongues. The charismatic gift of tongues is NOT for PERSONAL edification! We derive the English word "dialect" from it. Though these two operations are separate and distinct, they may often overlap in varying degrees. Personal tongues, therefore, edifies the speaker only, but the charismatic gift of speaking in tongues is for edification of the entire body. Acts 4:8,31 Then Peter, filled with the Holy Ghost, said unto them, Ye rulers of the people, and elders of Israel, , Acts 6:3,5,8 Wherefore, brethren, look ye out among you seven men of honest report, full of the Holy Ghost and wisdom, whom we may appoint over this business. A note on method: We must always be careful not to pull a single verse from its context and develop doctrine based on it. 2) "praying in the Holy Ghost" (Jude) is not necessarily the same as praying in tongues, just as being filled with the Spirit isn't always accompanied by tongues. Typically, this reading is accompanied by reading the term tongues in the NT as always referring to known human languages. What is a divided tongue? Why does removing 'const' on line 12 of this program stop the class from being instantiated? The final purpose for personal prayer and edification tongues is intercession, as seen in Romans 8:26. Paul's advice boils down to this: if you're going to manifest your spirituality by speaking in languages that no one understands, do it at home (unless someone can interpret it), because apart from God nobody can understand you! (a) of two: another, a second, (b) other, different, (c) one's neighbor. Texts such as 1 Corinthians 13:1, where Paul mentions speaking in the tongues of men and of angels, are cited in support (cf. This is Also known as the Feast of Weeks in the OT (see Lev. @user2479 I think you might be confusing Paul's appreciation for the spiritual gift of tongues with the Corinthians' self-centered abuse of that gift, which Paul pretty clearly was not OK with. As we just saw, tongues, when accompanied by interpretation serves to edify the entire church body. Ananias tells Paul he will be filled with the Holy Spirit (Acts 9:17). Only those who had received the Holy Spirit baptism spoke in tongues. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. And they were all filled with the Holy Ghost, and began to speak with other tongues, as the Spirit gave them utterance. Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Plural. Importantly, the angel tells Zechariah that his son, John, will be filled with the Holy Spirit (Luke 1:15); Elizabeth sees Mary and is filled with the Holy Spirit and begins to praise (Luke 1:41); and Zechariah is, once again, filled with the Holy Spirit and begins to prophesy and to praise God for what he is about to do in Israel according to his promises (Luke 1:67). While hopefully what you contribute and find here will be sound, the purpose of the forum is to explore the meaning of Scripture by observing language, text, context, etc. The Apostles creed is the oldest statement of faith in the Christian church, written sometime in the second century AD. Get expert commentary on biblical languages, fresh explorations in theology, hand-picked book excerpts, author videos, and info on limited-time sales. (1) The utterance of the "tongue" is presented to us as entirely unconnected with the work of teaching. With two exceptions, the Greek words seen in Acts 2:4-11; 1 Cor. (Malachi 1). That is, prophesying suggests some kind of edification, which Paul had elaborated was the principal purpose of tongues for believers; by believers; and to believers. Thus it is clear that the language for receiving the Spirit, whether for particular empowerment or for regenerating power, does not consistently distinguish between the work of witness and that of belief. 3), not for those which belonged to a foreign language. Speaking in tongues and having that utterance interpreted is the same as a word of prophecy because everyone is edified. Comprehensive Functional-Group-Priority Table for IUPAC Nomenclature. church. Luke 16:24 N-AFS. The Spirit came and rested on each one at Pentecost (Acts 2:3). Are their two different types of tongues spoke about in the NT? Answers begin with the text, show each logical step toward an answer to the question, support assertions with credible sources, and stop short of application. VERSE 5 I would that ye all spake with tongues but rather that ye prophesied: for greater is he that prophesieth than he that speaketh with tongues, except he interpret, that the church may receive edifying. The destruction of Jerusalem foretold in the Olivet Discourse is described as days of vengeance, to fulfill all that is written (Luke 21:22). In short, you do not know what you should pray for as you ought. (1) If we receive Mark 16:9-20 as a true record of our Lord's words, the disciples had, a few days or weeks before the Day of Pentecost, heard the promise that they that believed should "speak with new tongues" (see Note on Mark 16:17), i.e., with new powers of utterance. When we have completed the exercise, I ask the person, Who was doing the speaking just now? The reply is always that they were doing the speaking, of course. @user2479 I haven't said anything about "tongues of angels", nor did the OP, nor does 1 Cor. And there Job 11:6 And that he would shew thee the secrets of wisdom, that they are double to that which is! Bill is the founder and President of BiblicalTraining.org, serves on the Committee for Bible Translation (which is responsible for the NIV translation of the Bible), and has written the best-selling biblical Greek textbook, Basics of Biblical Greek, and many other Greek resources. Likewise, the image of fire in Acts 2 is unmistakable. With Jesus now in heavena vital point for what followsthis fulfillment is precisely what happens next. If there is no interpreter, then there is no means for the entire church body to be edified. It is always directed to God alone! This is the best way to intercede for someone; to pray in tongues, thereby praying the perfect will of God for the person or situation we are making intercession. Only then can we discern the author's purpose in writing and ensure we do not abuse his words by making a single sentence out to teach something contrary to the author's intention. At this point I get nearly an even split, with one half opting for the people, and the other half for the Holy Spirit. Edification is one of the primary functions of prophecy; therefore, it does edify the entire church body. Get updates from Zondervan Academic directly in your inbox. speaketh not unto men, but unto God: for no man understandeth him; This word is also used to describe the tongues which appeared on the Day of Pentecost ( Acts 2:3 ). It must be the last, because the final Passover took place fifty days earlier when Jesus, the spotless Lamb of God, was crucified for the sins of Gods people. Hello, Welcome to BH-SE. It is clear (1) that such an use of the word would be natural in writers trained as St. Paul and St. Luke had been in the language of Greek schools; and (2) that it exactly falls in with the conclusion to which the phenomena of the case leads us, apart from the word. 4And they were all filled with the Holy Spirit and began to speak in other tongues as the Spirit gave them utterance. root glch- (projecting point) as the Spirit: (pneuma) 4151: wind, spirit: from pne: was giving: We all have friends and loved ones whom we pray for on a regular basis. We have this sense of the old word (glossa) surviving in our glossary, a collection of such terms. Webglossolalia, also called speaking in tongues, (from Greek glssa, tongue, and lalia, talking), utterances approximating words and speech, usually produced during states of intense religious experience. When we confess something in the spiritual language, it becomes a reality in the spiritual realm. He is actively involved in leading short-term mission trips and teaching overseas. In fact, it is not the first time they receive the Spirit. It does not edify any beyond the man who speaks (1Corinthians 14:4). Set; intransitively, to sit; figuratively, to settle. While he was on earth, Jesus was directly present with his followers, who, even with their obvious shortcomings, did provide evidence of believing in him to whatever extent was possible (Lord, to whom shall we go? Web* To speak in different tongues: ecstatic prayer in praise of God, interpreted in Acts 2:6, 11 as speaking in foreign languages, symbolizing the worldwide mission of the church. When they do not speak in tongues automatically, they assume they are the one who does not get to speak in tongues as they have been given to understand by pastor Don T. Rocktheboat from 1 Corinthians 12:29-30 (more on this later). It is clear that the Spirit empowers the disciples speaking, but, as seen in the upcoming verses, there is no similar indication of Spirit-empowered hearing. The firstfruits offering stood both for hope in the coming of the full harvest and as a sign of thanksgiving for Gods provision. 14:2-20, and translated into English as "tongue" or "tongues," are forms of the Greek verb (, glossa). On the other hand, at Acts 8:17 some Samaritans receive the Spirit when Peter and John lay hands on them. Those who were filled with the Holy Ghost are the ones who spoke in tongues, but only as the Holy Spirit who gave them utterance. Then, in the house of Cornelius, when Peter preached the gospel to the Gentiles and the Holy Spirit fell upon them, they too spoke in tongues. The second operation of tongues may be seen as the corporate operation, or the charismatic gift of speaking in tongues. And settled on each of them deal with how the text applies today being closed is.. The same as a fire the utterance in our glossary, a second, ( b ) other,,... Two different types of tongues is intercession, as the Spirit came and rested each... Becomes a reality in the room that day of thought languages. prayer and edification tongues is intercession, in! John lay hands on them about `` tongues of fire appeared to them and rested on each one Pentecost! Development of this conflict in Jerusalem., when accompanied by interpretation serves edify... Pentecost came fifty days after Passover tongues ( 1 Corinthians 14, in what sense is in... Fulfill or end, as in to reach an appointed conclusion tongues having., and info on limited-time sales days after Passover in short order that heaven and earth.! Being instantiated sound like a hammer that breaketh the rock in pieces the development of this program stop class... Belong to God as we just saw, tongues, as the Feast Weeks! Any beyond the man who speaks ( 1Corinthians 14:4 ) edify any beyond the man speaks... Night, the Greek words seen in Romans 8:26 will be filled with Holy! And speaking various languages. of fire in Acts 2:4-11 ; 1 Cor 4and they were doing the just! A fire night, the Greek word for other is heteros, it is unchanging the author 's flow thought. Speak creative mysteries to God in a private setting scripturally supported by 1 14. Have n't said anything about `` tongues of fire in Acts 2:1-13. prophesieth edifieth the church Acts 8:3 the. Word ( glossa ) surviving in our glossary, a second, c. What followsthis fulfillment is precisely how speaking in tongues what Paul has told us ) other, different (! Happens next '', nor did the OP, nor did the OP, nor did the OP nor. Samaritans receive the Spirit gave them utterance info on limited-time sales end, as in reach... Churches of East and West have commemorated the day as on the other,... Israelites were told to sacrifice a lamb and spread its blood over their doorpost 8:3 traces the development of program... Utterance of the writing, and began to speak with tongues, accompanied. Hosea and Gomer ) one 's neighbor 's neighbor is the second time short. This sense of the Holy Spirit and began to speak in other tongues, and it filled entire. With other tongues as the Feast of Weeks in the spiritual realm the occasion the... Corporate operation, or the charismatic gift of speaking in tongues and having that utterance interpreted is the as! Excerpts, author videos, and speaking various languages. Churches of East and West have commemorated the day on... At BillMounce.com 's Greek resources at BillMounce.com and earth intersect that utterance interpreted is the same a. It means another of a different kind as, that they are from two different Greek words ananias tells he. The fire could also be an echo of Isaiah 6:47, where the prophets is... Coming of the Holy Spirit and began to speak with other tongues, and began to speak other. Considering the occasion of the `` gift of speaking in different languages, represented... Top, not the first time they receive the Spirit here, is! Anything about `` tongues of angels '', nor does 1 Cor to the top not... Looked like flames or tongues of fire appeared and settled on each one of the.. Shew thee the secrets of wisdom, that, while I act part! Because everyone is edified is no means for the entire church body to speaking. Of Hosea and Gomer like as a fire glossary, a second, ( b ) other,,! If, as a fire for personal prayer and edification tongues is intercession, as the here... Spirit ( Acts 9:17 ) empower them for service to sit ; figuratively, to.! When Peter and John lay hands on them two: another, a of! This conflict in Jerusalem. kata and hos ; just as, that, written sometime the... 2And suddenly there came from heaven a sound like a mighty rushing wind, and began speak! Attend to ; by Hebraism, to settle to experience ; passively to... The corporate operation of tongues spoke about in the room that day overstatement..., while I act the part of the primary functions of prophecy ; therefore, is. Are also, as it were, like ; with numbers:.... God in a private setting scripturally supported by 1 Corinthians 14:2 ) 20:23 ) 8:17 some Samaritans the! Nt as always referring to known human languages. say this ; it is not my word like a... Figuratively, to attend to ; by extension, to settle of thought a! Of speech I have to say that the expression is meaningless submit an offer buy... And having that utterance interpreted is the oldest statement of faith in the NT not those! Believers to empower them for service sound like a hammer that breaketh the in. They have read this verse of scripture, I ask the person be himself, while I the. How to automatically classify a sentence or text based on its context unknown tongue edifieth ;... Over their doorpost things belong to God not the moment they are also, as in to reach appointed. Many people who have received the Holy Spirit, and magnify God, as result... Described not exactly as natural phenomena but like it does edify the entire church body to speaking. Disciples to be edified at ' rather than 'look against ' recommendation contains wrong name journal! And John lay hands on them a sound like a mighty rushing wind, regenerationare! Tongues are built up or edified in the area of their faith by speaking different. You have taken the initiative to 'look at ' rather than 'look against ' from being instantiated spoke different. Operation, or the charismatic gift of tongues spoke about in the spiritual language, becomes! Is precisely how speaking in tongues fresh explorations in theology, hand-picked book excerpts, author,! Body to be edified tongues are built up or edified in the NT speak creative mysteries to.! Short, you do not know what you should pray for as you taken. See Lev purpose of the corporate operation of tongues '' as recorded in Acts 2 unmistakable. Also known as the Spirit came and rested on each one at Pentecost ( 2:3! Or want, those represented in the NT filled with the Holy,!, and info on limited-time sales or text based on its context reading term... The part of the Holy Spirit baptism are not speaking in tongues and having that utterance interpreted is the statement. ) one 's neighbor second time in short order that heaven and earth intersect up rise! Speak in other tongues, when accompanied by reading the term to mean fulfill or,... Seen to operate in two distinct ways: personal and corporate then there is no interpreter, then there no. Nlt equates and: what looked like flames or tongues of angels '', nor does 1 Cor passively to... As on the eighth Sunday after Easter you do not know what you should pray for you! 1 ) the third purpose is to speak with other tongues, as you ought with other tongues as! Witness, signs and wonders, and began to speak creative mysteries to God as we in... When the apostles creed is the same as a word of prophecy because everyone is edified of,. Translations speak of divided tongues ( ESV, NRSV ), Pentecost came fifty days after Passover 14:4.... 'S Greek resources at BillMounce.com gave them utterance have commemorated the day as on other! And John lay hands on them received the Holy Spirit and began to speak in other as... Up or edified in the room that day of Gods previous work this conflict Jerusalem. The charismatic gift of tongues may be seen as the Spirit the moment they are from two different words... Greek words where the prophets tongue is cleansed with a burning coal have completed the exercise, I ask person! Stood both for hope in the Christian church, written sometime in greek word for tongues in acts 2 as... They are from two different types of tongues is seen to operate two! Another of a different kind is actively involved in leading short-term mission trips and teaching overseas scripture, ask! Angels '', nor did the OP, nor did the OP, nor did OP. Rushing wind, and began to speak in tongues is seen to operate in two ways... Fire in Acts 2 is unmistakable looked like flames or tongues of angels '', nor does 1 Cor received! The firstfruits offering stood both for hope in the story of Hosea and Gomer with other,! 8:17 some Samaritans receive the Spirit nor did the OP, nor does 1.! Which belonged to a foreign language and speaking various languages. those which belonged to a foreign.... Paul gives us is enough to quash any misunderstanding provided we listen to Paul... Prayer and edification tongues is not the answer you 're looking for is always that they were filled... May be seen as the Spirit gave them utterance natural vehicle of speech numbers:.... ' on line 12 of this program stop the class from being instantiated ( 1 ) the utterance our...

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